Which of the following is / are completely correct rows in terms of various religions and their affirmation / rejection to various concepts / theories?

Aspect Ajivika Buddhism Charvaka Jainism

1. Creator God Denies Denies Accepts Denies

2. Concept of Karma Denies Affirms Denies Affirms

3. Concept of Samsara, Rebirth Affirms Affirms Denies Affirms

4. Concept of Atman (Soul, Self) Affirms Denies Denies Affirms

Select the correct option from the codes given below:

Question

Ajivika: Denies – Correct The Ajivikas rejected the concept of a creator god. They believed that the universe operates according to niyati (fate) and is not influenced by divine intervention.
Buddhism: Denies – Correct Buddhism rejects the concept of a creator god. Instead, it focuses on the path of individual liberation through ethical conduct, meditation, and wisdom.
Charvaka: Accepts – Incorrect The Charvaka school was strictly materialistic and atheistic, denying any metaphysical concepts, including a creator god.
Jainism: Denies – Correct Jainism does not believe in a creator god. It teaches that the universe is eternal and operates according to natural laws.

Evaluation: 3 out of 4 correct

Ajivika: Denies – Correct Ajivikas rejected the conventional notion of karma as a moral cause-and-effect system. They believed in niyati (fate), a deterministic force that governs all events, making human effort irrelevant.
Buddhism: Affirms – Correct Buddhism strongly affirms the concept of karma, where actions (good or bad) lead to corresponding consequences in this life or future rebirths.
Charvaka: Denies – Correct Charvakas rejected the concept of karma and rebirth, focusing on material pleasure in this life as the only reality.
Jainism: Affirms – Correct Jainism upholds karma as a key principle. It teaches that karma is a fine material substance that binds to the soul and affects its cycle of rebirths.

Evaluation: 4 out of 4 correct

Ajivika: Affirms – Correct Ajivikas believed in samsara (the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth). However, they held a deterministic view that the soul’s journey through samsara is predetermined by niyati (fate).
Buddhism: Affirms – Correct Buddhism affirms samsara, and its ultimate goal is to break free from this cycle through attaining nirvana.
Charvaka: Denies – Correct Charvakas rejected the concept of samsara and rebirth. They believed in enjoying life here and now, denying any afterlife or rebirth.
Jainism: Affirms – Correct Jainism affirms samsara and teaches that liberation (moksha) from this cycle is achieved by eradicating karma through ethical living and self-discipline.

Evaluation: 4 out of 4 correct

Ajivika: Affirms – Correct Ajivikas believed in a permanent, unchanging soul (atman) that goes through samsara, but its journey is governed entirely by fate.
Buddhism: Denies – Correct Buddhism rejects the concept of a permanent soul or self. Instead, it teaches the doctrine of anatta (non-self), which states that what we call the self is merely a collection of changing physical and mental processes.
Charvaka: Denies – Correct Charvakas denied the existence of a soul or self, adhering to a purely materialistic worldview where consciousness is a byproduct of the physical body.
Jainism: Affirms – Correct Jainism affirms the existence of an eternal, individual soul (jiva) in every living being. The ultimate goal is to free the soul from karma and attain liberation.

Evaluation: 4 out of 4 correct

GKToday Admin · Accepted Answer

Only 2, 3 & 4

Ajivika: Denies – Correct The Ajivikas rejected the concept of a creator god. They believed that the universe operates according to niyati (fate) and is not influenced by divine intervention.
Buddhism: Denies – Correct Buddhism rejects the concept of a creator god. Instead, it focuses on the path of individual liberation through ethical conduct, meditation, and wisdom.
Charvaka: Accepts – Incorrect The Charvaka school was strictly materialistic and atheistic, denying any metaphysical concepts, including a creator god.
Jainism: Denies – Correct Jainism does not believe in a creator god. It teaches that the universe is eternal and operates according to natural laws.

Evaluation: 3 out of 4 correct

Ajivika: Denies – Correct Ajivikas rejected the conventional notion of karma as a moral cause-and-effect system. They believed in niyati (fate), a deterministic force that governs all events, making human effort irrelevant.
Buddhism: Affirms – Correct Buddhism strongly affirms the concept of karma, where actions (good or bad) lead to corresponding consequences in this life or future rebirths.
Charvaka: Denies – Correct Charvakas rejected the concept of karma and rebirth, focusing on material pleasure in this life as the only reality.
Jainism: Affirms – Correct Jainism upholds karma as a key principle. It teaches that karma is a fine material substance that binds to the soul and affects its cycle of rebirths.

Evaluation: 4 out of 4 correct

Ajivika: Affirms – Correct Ajivikas believed in samsara (the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth). However, they held a deterministic view that the soul’s journey through samsara is predetermined by niyati (fate).
Buddhism: Affirms – Correct Buddhism affirms samsara, and its ultimate goal is to break free from this cycle through attaining nirvana.
Charvaka: Denies – Correct Charvakas rejected the concept of samsara and rebirth. They believed in enjoying life here and now, denying any afterlife or rebirth.
Jainism: Affirms – Correct Jainism affirms samsara and teaches that liberation (moksha) from this cycle is achieved by eradicating karma through ethical living and self-discipline.

Evaluation: 4 out of 4 correct

Ajivika: Affirms – Correct Ajivikas believed in a permanent, unchanging soul (atman) that goes through samsara, but its journey is governed entirely by fate.
Buddhism: Denies – Correct Buddhism rejects the concept of a permanent soul or self. Instead, it teaches the doctrine of anatta (non-self), which states that what we call the self is merely a collection of changing physical and mental processes.
Charvaka: Denies – Correct Charvakas denied the existence of a soul or self, adhering to a purely materialistic worldview where consciousness is a byproduct of the physical body.
Jainism: Affirms – Correct Jainism affirms the existence of an eternal, individual soul (jiva) in every living being. The ultimate goal is to free the soul from karma and attain liberation.

Evaluation: 4 out of 4 correct

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