Q. Which of the following were among the main defining features of the socio-religious reform movements during the 19th century?

1. Rationalism
2. Humanism
3. A narrow social base
4. Appeal to the past

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Answer: 1, 2, 3 and 4
Notes: The 19th-century socio-religious reform movements promoted rationalism, opposed social evils through humanistic principles, and found support mainly among educated urban Indians, reflecting a narrow social base. Many reformers appealed to ancient scriptures to legitimize reforms. Hence, all four features—rationalism, humanism, a narrow social base, and appeal to the past—were present in the movements.