Q. Consider the following pairs of taxes and levies of medieval India and their meaning:
- Jizya - This was a tax levied on non-Muslims
- Kharaj - This was a land tax charged on agricultural land and produce
- Khams - This was a tax amounting to 1/5th of the war booty acquired by armies of Muslim rulers
- Tamgha - This was a stamp duty levied on documents and deeds
- Mokasam - This was a tax levied on commodities by market regulators
How many of the above is / are correct?
Answer:
All 5 Pairs
Notes:
- Jizya - This was a tax levied on non-Muslims in medieval India by some Muslim rulers. It was introduced by the Delhi Sultanate and often used as a means to assert Muslim power and dominance.
- Kharaj - This was a land tax charged on agricultural land and produce. It was usually high, up to 50% of the produce. Both Hindu and Muslim peasants had to pay this tax.
- Khams - This was a tax amounting to 1/5th of the war booty acquired by armies of Muslim rulers. It was paid to the rulers/sultans.
- Zakat - This was a wealth tax in the form of compulsory charity. Muslim rulers collected 2.5% of the wealth and assets of Muslims as zakat.
- Ushr - This tax, similar to zakat, was collected on agricultural produce. The rate was 10% for irrigated land and 5% for unirrigated land.
- Tamgha - This was a stamp duty levied on documents and deeds, usually paid by Hindus.
- Dharmada - This was a religious tax paid by Hindus to Muslim rulers for the right to practice their faith. It was similar in nature to jizya.
- Ghari - This was a tax on houses levied by rulers on townsfolk and urban dwellers. It was calculated per house based on size and type.
- Mokasam - This was a tax levied on commodities by market regulators in medieval towns and cities.