Answer: 1864
Notes: Oliphant Road, now Swami Vivekananda Road, originated between 1864–1867 and was Ahmedabad’s first pucca road, according to historian Rizwan Kadri. Stretching 40 feet wide with footpaths and drains, it cost £13,700 (Rs 18.37 lakh) and connected Manek gate to Astodia gate. Uniquely, it ran west to east unlike most city roads, and served key civic sites like municipal offices and the Parsi fire temple, as recorded in the 1878 Ahmedabad Gazetteer.
