Q. Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) is one of the five indicators used by the United Nations Development Programme in its annual Human Development Report. It includes which of the following ?
Answer: All the above
Notes: The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) assesses gender equality in three key areas: political participation and decision-making, economic participation and decision-making, and power over economic resources. It reflects women's empowerment in society and their ability to influence political and economic outcomes. GEM was introduced in 1995 and is part of the UNDP's efforts to highlight gender disparities in development.