Q. Consider the following statements with respect to the Mughal paintings:
- Humayun, in his second term, had set up a department of painting under the two master painters who had accompanied him from Iran.
- Daswant and Basawan were two of the famous painters of Akbar’s court.
- Secular themes dominated the Mughal School of painting.
- Portrait painting became fashionable under Jahangir.
Which of the above is / are correct?
Answer:
Only 2, 3, and 4
Notes: After his loss to Sher Shah, Humayun roamed around for a while. Eventually, he was exiled to the court of Shah of Iran. There, Humayun had taken into his services two master painters who accompanied him to India. Later, Akbar set up a separate painting workshop was set up in the imperial karkhanas, under their leadership. So, statement 1 is incorrect. A large number of painters, both Hindus and Muslims, were drawn into from different parts of the country. Thus, Daswant and Basawan were two of the famous painters of Akbar's court. So, statement 2 is correct. Mughal School of painting developed rapidly and soon became a celebrated centre of production. Mughal painting reached a climax under Jahangir who had very discriminating eyes. The main themes of Mughal painting included hunting, battles, celebrations, and court scenes. Mughal themes emphasised the Timurid legacy and highlighted the divinity of kingship regardless of religious affiliation. Thus, statement 3 is correct. Under Akbar, European painting was introduced at the court by the Portuguese priests. The principle of foreshortening, useful in portrait painting was introduced. Later, under Jahangir, special progress was made in portrait painting and paintings of animals. So, statement 4 is correct.