With currently 64000, species, majority of the members of Phylum Chordata belong to sub-phylum Vertebrata. All vertebrates possess notochord during the embryonic period only and later it is...
Members of Echinodermata (Spiny bodied) have an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles. Starfish, sea cucumbers (holothurians), sea urchins and brittle stars are examples of echinoderms. All echinoderms are marine...
Phylum Mollusca is the second largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. They are terrestrial or aquatic (both marine and freshwater). Members of this phylum include snails, octopuses, squids, oysters...
Arthropoda is the largest phylum of animal kingdom because around 2/3rd of all the named species on Earth belong to this phylum. Ants, mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, shrimp, crabs,...
Plant hormones are signal molecules produced within the plant, and occur in extremely low concentrations. Hormones regulate cellular processes in targeted cells locally and, when moved to other...
Plants have the amazing ability to harvest energy from the sun using chlorophyll and convert it into carbohydrates. These carbohydrates serve as chief energy source for almost all...
In plants, there are two kinds of tissues viz. Meristematic tissues and Permanent Tissues. Meristematic Issue The Meristematic tissues are divisible and cells in these tissues retain the...
The branch of botany under which annul a rings of the plant are studied is called dendrochronolgy. By the elevation of number of annual rings in the plants...
A Flower is a composite system of modified leaves and knots, which directly participates in the reproductive activity and produces fruits and seeds. Usually a flower is composed...
