Q. With reference to the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Biomass Mission, consider the following statements:
  1. The mission will be the first to globally map forest biomass using a P-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR).
  2. It aims to measure the carbon stored in forest vegetation and soil from space.
  3. The satellite will be launched into a geostationary orbit to allow continuous monitoring of the same area.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Answer: Only 1 and 2
Notes: Statement 1 is correct. The Biomass mission will be the first in space to use long-wave P-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to map forest biomass. Statement 2 is also correct as it aims to measure how much carbon is stored in forests (both in soil and vegetation), which is crucial for understanding the carbon cycle. Statement 3 is incorrect because the satellite will be launched into a sun-synchronous orbit, not a geostationary orbit, to ensure consistent lighting conditions for Earth observation.

This question is part of UPSC Daily 20 MCQ Series Course on GKToday Android app.