Q. Who among the following proposed ecological degradation was the main cause for the decline of Harappan culture?
Answer: George F Dales
Notes: American archaeologist George F. Dales who conducted major excavations at Mohenjo-daro in Sindh, Pakistan during 1964-65 was among the early proponents attributing Harappan decline chiefly to ecological factors and environmental degradation. He suggested that climate change impacted the monsoon pattern causing floods and decreasing river flows leading to crop failures, while over-exploitation of resources like forests also possibly contributed towards deurbanisation trends between 1900 BCE to 1300 BCE.