The buried remains of Harappa were first noticed in modern times by Charles Masson, a deserter from the East India Company army who explored old sites while disguised as an American or Jewish-Indian merchant during 1826-1838. Though Masson recorded the imposing high brick walls, little investigation occurred for decades until extensive excavations in the 1920s confirmed Harappa as a major city of an ancient civilization parallel to those of Egypt and Mesopotamia.
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