Malaria is transmitted among humans by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. Malaria is caused by a one-celled parasite called a Plasmodium. Female Anopheles mosquitoes pick up the parasite from infected people to carry out egg production, and such blood meals are the link between the human and the mosquito hosts in the parasite life cycle. Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar and black fever, is caused by sandflies.
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