Answer: Petroleum
Notes: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) hosts a population of approximately 381 million, corresponding to around 6% of the global population. The region is renowned for its rich reserves of petroleum, thereby making petroleum the primary industry. These reserves have played a significant role in shaping the economic, political, and social spheres of the region. Besides petroleum, the region also has concentrations of other resources such as natural gas and mineral resources.
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