Q. The terms Bhanadaras, Cheruvu, Kere and Phad are:
Answer: traditional rainwater harvesting systems
Notes: Cheruvu are reservoirs found in Chittoor and Cuddapah districts in Andhra Pradesh. They store the runoff water. Bhanadaras are check dams or diversion weirs built across rivers. A traditional system found in Maharashtra, their presence raises the water level of the rivers so that it begins to flow into channels. Phad is a community that manages phad irrigation system, prevalent in north-western Maharashtra, probably came into existence some 300-400 years ago. Kere are tanks in Kannada, were the predominant traditional method of irrigation in the Central Karnataka Plateau, and were fed either by channels branching off from anicuts (check dams) built across streams, or by streams in valleys.

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