Q. Consider the following statements regarding why countries like Switzerland and Norway have opted out of joining the European Union (EU):

1. These countries have closed economies, reducing the need for EU membership
2. Economic systems in these countries are primarily socialistic, with most trade controlled by the government
3. The people in these countries have, through referendums or public opinion, chosen not to join the EU
4. They rely exclusively on bilateral treaties with multinational organizations rather than broader unions

Which of the above statements is / are correct?
Answer: Only 3
Notes: Switzerland and Norway have not joined the EU mainly due to decisions made by public referendums, where citizens opted against EU membership. Both nations maintain economic openness and diverse trade policies, not closed or solely government-controlled economies, and do not limit relations to bilateral treaties. Thus, only statement 3 is correct.