Q. Which ruler initiated the building of the Jagannath Temple in Puri during the 12th century?
Answer: Anantavarman Chodaganga
Notes: King Anantavarman Chodaganga from the Eastern Ganga dynasty started the construction of the Jagannath Temple in Puri in the 12th century. In the year 1230, King Anangabhima III bestowed his entire kingdom to Lord Jagannath, promoting the temple as a significant point of societal and political authority. The temple's prestige lured many conquerors, including rulers from the Mughal Empire, Maratha Empire, and the British East India Company, who sought legitimacy in Orissa.

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