Q. Consider the following:

1. Vishayapati
2. Uparika
3. Adhisthanadhikarana

Which of the above is/are associated with the administrative structure during the Gupta period?
Answer: 1, 2 and 3
Notes: 1. Vishayapati: Head of a vishaya, responsible for local governance; appointed by the uparika; managed administrative tasks and local issues; operated from a town with a board of advisors. 2. Uparika: Governor of bhukti; directly appointed by the king; oversaw multiple vishayas; played a crucial role in provincial administration. 3. Adhisthanadhikarana: Advisory board for the vishayapati; represented various urban interests; included guild leaders and artisans; facilitated governance through local representation.