Q. Consider the following statements:

1. The emperor of Russia was called ‘Czar’.
2. ‘Duma’ was the Russian Parliament before the Bolshevik Revolution took place.
3. The term ‘Soviet’ means a council of workers.

Which of the above is / are correct?
Answer: All of the above
Notes: In Russia, the form of government was tyrannical. The Emperor, Czar, enjoyed unbridled power without any constitutional limit on his authority. Thus, statement 1 is correct. In the Revolution of 1905, Czar was forced to grant some concessions. He allowed formation of a parliament called Duma. However, it was soon filled by the cronies of czar and became toothless.It was eventually replaced in the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. So, statement 2 is correct. The term ‘Soviet’ means a council- mostly of industrial workers and locally stationed soldiers. During the Bolshevik revolution, local soviets were formed across Russia and these soviets sent delegates to a central Soviet. So, statement 3 is also correct.