Q. Consider the following:

1. The Zamindari settlement was made with the Zamindars while the Ryotwari settlement was made with the Cultivators
2. Zamindari settlement made the Zamindars as proprietors, while in Ryotwari System, Peasants were made proprietors
3. Zamindari System made the zamindar responsible for paying land revenue to state while in the Ryotwari System, all the Ryots of a particular area were made jointly responsible for paying the land revenue to the state

Which among the above statements is / are correct?
Answer: Only 1 and 2 are correct
Notes: The Zamindari System was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793, where the Zamindars were made proprietors and responsible for paying land revenue to the state. Simultaneously, Ryotwari System, introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820, allowed the state to deal directly with the cultivator (Ryot) for revenue collection, making them proprietors. However, it did not make all Ryots of an area jointly responsible for paying land revenue, which renders statement 3 incorrect.

This question is part of UPSC Daily 20 MCQ Series Course on GKToday Android app.