Q. Consider the following pairs:
- Treaty of Shimoda – Russia & Italy
- Treaty of Saint Petersburg – Japan & South Korea
- Yalta agreement – Japan & Russia
- San Franciso Peace Treaty – Russia & Germany
Which of the pairs given above is/are matched correctly?
Answer:
Only 3
Notes:
- Treaty of Shimoda (1855): In 1855, Japan and Russia concluded the Treaty of Shimoda, which gave control of the four southernmost islands to Japan and the remainder of the chain to Russia.
- Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875): In the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, signed between the two countries in 1875, Russia ceded possession of the Kurils to Japan in exchange for uncontested control of Sakhalin Island. However, these islands were again seized by the Soviet Union at the end of World War II.
- Yalta Agreement (1945): In 1945, as part of the Yalta agreements (formalized in the 1951 Treaty of Peace with Japan), the islands were ceded to the Soviet Union, and the Japanese population was repatriated and replaced by the Soviets.
- San Francisco Peace Treaty (1951): The San Francisco Peace Treaty signed between the Allies and Japan in 1951, states that Japan must give up “all right, title and claim to the Kuril Islands”, but it also does not recognize the Soviet Union’s sovereignty over them.