Q. Before Mahatma Gandhi, who among the following had devised the Doctrine of Passive Resistance by leading a “No-rent Campaign” the form of non-payment of the taxes as it would breach the legal obligation and will be a direct defiance of the administrative authority?
Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Notes: The no rent campaign was launched by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1896 in the wake of the 1896 famine. He distributed the pamphlets explaining the provisions of Famine Relief Code to the public and also had requested to pay no rents.

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