Q. Which of the following Constitution Amendment Bills, after introduction, also require ratification by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States?

1. Transfer of Education from State List to Concurrent List
2. Change in the system of Election of President of India
3. Change in the system of election of Vice President of India

Select the correct option:
Answer: 1 & 2
Notes: As per Article 368 of the Indian Constitution, amendments affecting the election of President and Vice President require ratification by at least half of the state legislatures, since these pertain to the federal structure. However, moving education from State List to Concurrent List does not require such ratification, as it involves only a reallocation of legislative subjects.