Q. Who among the following had pioneered the social-political-economic theory called Scientific Socialism?
Answer: Karl Marx
Notes: The theory of scientific socialism was developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, two German philosophers and political theorists who lived in the 19th century. Marx and Engels were both proponents of socialism, a political and economic ideology that advocates for the collective ownership and control of the means of production and distribution. They believed that socialism was the most logical and fair way to organize society, and that it would lead to the creation of a classless, utopian society.
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