1.The Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Protocol adopted by COP-10 at Nagoya is regarding the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of:
[A]The genetic resources of the earth.
[B]Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)
[C]Marine and coastal areas significant for ‘eco-tourism'.
[D]Technology transfer mechanisms for Clean Energy Development.
Option [A]
2.Consider the following statements regarding ‘Bhitarkanika mangroves’ :
1.It is a Ramsar site which is located in the deltaic region of Vamsdhara and Subarnarekha rivers.
2.It has the highest density of Salt-Water Crocodiles in the Country.
Which of the Statement(s) given above is/are correct?
[A]Only 1
[B]Only 2
[C]Both 1 and 2
[D]Neither 1 nor 2
Only 2
It is a Ramsar site which is located in the deltaic region of Brahmani and Baitarni rivers.
3.The ‘Montreaux Record’ is a register of:
[A]Invasive Alien Species and their ecological hazards outside their native environment.
[B]Wetland sites under the threat of anthropogenic activities.
[C]Endangered species of tropical and sub-tropical fauna.
[D]Coastal cities under direct threat of consequences of global warming.
Wetland sites under the threat of anthropogenic activities.
4.Which among the following multilateral convention seeks to protect the human health and environment from Persistant Organic Pollutants (POPs)?
[A]Bonn Convention
[B]Stockholm Convention
[C]Rotterdam Convention
[D]Basel Convention
Stockholm Convention
5.Consider the following Tiger Reserves of India:
1.Udanti Sitanadi - Rajasthan
2.Dandeli Anashi - Chattisgarh
3.Sariska - Orissa
4.Satkosia - Karnataka
Which of the above Tiger Reserves are correctly paired with their respective locations?
[A]1 and 2
[B]1, 2, and 4
[C]2 ,3 and 4
[D]None of them
1.Udanti Sitanadi - Chattisgarh
2.Dandeli Anashi - Karnataka
3.Sariska - Rajasthan
4.Satkosia - Orissa
6. Consider the following Statements:
1.The State of Forests Report (SFR) is brought out by Forest Research Institute, Dehradun.
2.The forest cover assessment of India is published in this annual report.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct in this regard?
[A]Only 1
[B]Only 2
[C]Both 1 and 2
[D]Neither 1 nor 2
Neither 1 nor 2
The State of Forests Report (SFR) is brought out by the Forest Survey of India.The forest cover assessment of India is published in this biennal report.
7.Consider the following classification of Biodiversity:
1.Alpha-diversity - Between-community diversity
2.Beta-diversity - Within-Community diversity
3.Gamma diversity - Overall Biodiversity
Which among the above is/are incorrectly paired?
[A]Only 2
[B]Only 3
[C]1 and 2
[D]1, 2 and 3
1 and 2
1.Alpha-diversity (Within-Community diversity) refers to the diverse organisms sharing the same community/habitat.
2.Beta-diversity (Between-community diversity) refers to the rate of replacement of species along a gradient of habitats or communities.
3.Gamma diversity (Overall) refers to the diversity of habitats over the total landscape or geographical area.
8.Consider the following statements regarding Keoladeo National Park(formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary) :
1.It is one of the Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance.
2.It is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage list.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
[A]Only 1
[B]Only 2
[C]Both 1 and 2
[D]Neither 1 nor 2
Both 1 and 2
9.‘Agenda 21’ of Rio Summit, 1992 is related to :
[A]Sustainable development
[B]Combating the consequences of population explosion.
[C]Mitigation norms of Green House Gases (GHGs) emission.
[D]Technology transfer mechanism to developing countries for ‘clean-energy’ production.
Sustainable development
10.Consider the following statements regarding the ‘Cartagena Protocol’ on Biosafety:
1.It is a supplementary treaty to the UNFCCC.
2.It establishes 10 headline targets known as the ‘Aichi Targets’.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
[A]Only 1
[B]Only 2
[C]Both 1 and 2
[D]Neither 1 nor 2
Only 1
11.Which among the following terms of utmost significance in the dynamics of resource management was coined in the 'Brundtland Commission Report'?
[A]Polluter-Pays Principle
[B]Sustainable development
[C]Inclusive Growth
[D]Carrying Capacity
Sustainable development
12.Consider the following Flexible Mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol:
1.Through Clean Development Mechanism(CDM),any Annex I country can invest in emission reduction projects in any other Annex I country as an alternative to reducing emissions domestically.
2.Through Joint Implementation(JI),countries can meet their domestic emission reduction targets by buying greenhouse gas reduction units from (projects in) non Annex I countries to the Kyoto protoco (mostly developing countries).
Which of the above Statement(s) is/are correct?
[A]Only 1
[B]Only 2
[C]Both 1 and 2
[D]Neither 1 nor 2
Option [D]
The ‘flexible mechanisms’ of the Kyoto Protocol were included for the first time in the COP-6, held Bonn, Germany. Flexible mechanisms or Kyoto Mechanisms, refer to Emissions Trading, the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation.
1.Emissions trading (ET)-The Emissions Trading-mechanism allows parties to the Kyoto Protocol to buy 'Kyoto units'(emission permits for greenhouse gas) from other countries to help meet their domestic emission reduction targets.
2.Joint Implementation (JI)-Through the Joint Implementation, any Annex I country can invest in emission reduction projects (referred to as "Joint Implementation Projects") in any other Annex I country as an alternative to reducing emissions domestically.
3.Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)-Through the CDM, countries can meet their domestic emission reduction targets by buying greenhouse gas reduction units from (projects in) non Annex I countries to the Kyoto protocol(mostly developing countries). Non-Annex I countries have no GHG emission restrictions, but have financial incentives to develop GHG emission reduction projects to receive Certified Emission Reductions that can then be sold to Annex I countries, encouraging sustainable development.
13.All species of 'Lemur' are endemic to which among the following places of the world?
[A]Seychelles Islands
[B]Galapagos Islands
[C]New Caledonia
[D]Madagascar
Option [D]
Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation or other defined zone, or habitat type.
14.Which of the following Environmentalists first gave the concept of Biodiversity 'hotspots' ?
[A]Gaylord Nelson
[B]Norman Myers
[C]John Muir
[D]Julia "Butterfly" Hill
Norman Myers
15.Which among the following is the World's largest Wetland System?
[A]Camargue (France)
[B]Okavango (Botswana)
[C]Everglades (USA)
[D]Pantanal (South America)
Option [D]
The world's largest wetland is the Pantanal, which covers 200,000 square kilometres (during the wet season) through Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia, although 80% of it is in Brazil. It is a land of flooded grasslands, savannas and tropical forests.
In 2nd question the ans should be B because in options Brahmani and Baitarani rivers are not mentioned and Bhitarkanika has the largest density of saltwater crocodiles in India