What was the need to have Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution?

The underlying idea in entrenching certain basic and Fundamental Rights is to take them out of the reach of transient political majorities. It has therefore, come to be regarded as essential that these rights be entrenched in such a way that they may not be violated, tampered or interfered by an oppressive government. They confer justiciable rights on the people which can be enforced through the courts against the government. The Fundamental Rights also constitute restrictions and limitations on government action, whether it is taken by the Centre, or a State or a local government. The government cannot take any action, administrative or legislative, by which a Fundamental Right is infringed.